The former player: 'I really wanted to continue my rugby career'
Warning: This article includes descriptions of racially offensive language and conduct
Ex-England centre Luther Burrell states that speaking out to reveal racism in rugby union led his career to an premature conclusion.
In a June 2022, Burrell described racism as being "widespread" in the game, showing digital communications and remembering training ground "comments" he had been subject to while playing for Newcastle.
Then 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only elite playing since has been a handful of games with guest team the Barbarians.
"I've have absolutely had to retire because of what occurred," he explained to reporters.
"I really hoped to carry on playing, of course I did. I pursued that, and it fell through when news came out that there were inquiries going on.
"That was difficult - I had to just accept the outcome and accept that this whole situation is a lot bigger than me."
A sports organization report in April 2023 found Burrell's allegations were accurate "on the balance of probability", but said it could not gather sufficient evidence to definitively say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's Six Nations games in 2014-15, but was controversially overlooked for their squad for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell told media he also faced discrimination within the England set-up, during a Test career that saw him earn 15 caps after his debut in 2014.
"I have had multiple distressing experiences within England camp," he stated.
"Some discrimination and some just outdated thinking that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become normalised in dressing rooms, in Burrell's view.
"It's something that has been dressed up as humour and that's been the issue that I've myself experienced and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"During a period of time you just learn to believe that it's the norm and that is acceptable and that it's not malicious, but that's incorrect."
Burrell says he was finally motivated to go public after a fellow player at Newcastle referred to him as a "enslaved person" and told him to put sunscreen on his arms and legs "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's disclosures had led to "a deeper look at the culture within the professional level and to the implementation of an action plan for the professional game."
"The organization has given significant focus on inclusion and inclusion in rugby union and a substantial amount of work completed both prior and after Luther Burrell came forward and shared his experiences of racism and class discrimination," it added.
"The organization are ongoing work with teams and partners in the professional game to work for a environment of inclusivity but recognize this requires patience and is an continuous effort."
All Premiership and PWR club now has face-to-face education on building inclusive cultures, with its success monitored via specific documentation and feedback.
All England athletes, including age-grade squads, are educated in being "engaged observers" to intervene and protect others from damaging behaviour.
"You be so pleased of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the film about his experiences.
"I know it has had this impact on you and ended your career, but in our eyes, you have achieved so well. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's father Geoff passed away soon after the filming of the film, and his sibling died recently.
Burrell, who grew up on a social housing in Huddersfield, maintains his work to make the sport more open.
His charitable organization works to connect with children in disadvantaged communities and support them thrive both on the field with complimentary sports coaching, guidance and dietary education.
"My intentions are pure, I want to see the progress of the game and if others is willing to tell their story then I'll persist to advocate for that fight because I'm not just doing this for myself," he said.
"We have an responsibility to make the sport as excellent as it can be and the longer I talk about it perhaps the more comfortable fellow players will feel about sharing their own stories as well.
"I grab the challenge by the opportunity and continue carrying this banner and keep supporting this responsibility and do what I can to develop opportunities and make the sport more attractive and more welcoming.
"There's a lot of underprivileged children and a lot of poverty and I sincerely believe that the sport has the ability to change their futures, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored a try for the Barbarians on a comeback to previous team Northampton in November 2022